STEP ستيبالرائد للستيب
الرئيسيةالشرحالتدريب
الأسعار|سياسة الخصوصية|شروط الاستخدام|الاسترجاع والاسترداد|المدونة

© 2026 الرائد للستيب. جميع الحقوق محفوظة.

الرئيسيةالشرحالتدريب
رجوع

الجمل الشرطية

Conditionals

إتقان الجمل الشرطية في 4 مفاهيم أساسية

💡الفكرة الأساسية: If + شرط = نتيجة

فكّر في الشرط كسؤال: 🤔 هل هذا ممكن الآن؟ في المستقبل؟ أم مستحيل؟

0️⃣

Zero

حقائق علمية

"If you heat water, it boils."

(حقيقة دائماً)

1️⃣

First

ممكن في المستقبل

"If it rains, I will stay home."

(ممكن يحدث)

2️⃣

Second

غير واقعي الآن

"If I had money, I would travel."

(لكن ليس عندي)

3️⃣

Third

مستحيل (ماضي)

"If I had studied, I would have passed."

(لم أدرس، رسبت)

Zero ConditionalIf + present simple, present simple

If water boils, it evaporates.

First ConditionalIf + present simple, will + base verb

If it rains, I will stay.

Second ConditionalIf + past simple, would + base verb

If I had money, I would buy.

Third ConditionalIf + had + V3, would have + V3

If I had known, I would have helped.

الحالات والأمثلة (10 حالات):

1. الشرط الأول (First Conditional)(1. First Conditional)

للحديث عن شيء ممكن حدوثه في المستقبل. الصيغة: If + present simple, will + verb.

If I ...... my car back from the mechanic tomorrow, I will travel to Dubai.
A
got
B
get
C
am getting
D
will get
Answer:B) get

Explanation: 🔑 First Conditional: If + present simple (get), will + verb. لا نستخدم will في جملة if!

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) If I got more money, I would buy a house.

↳ got = Second Conditional (غير واقعي). هنا الموقف واقعي (السيارة فعلاً عند الميكانيكي).

B) If I get my car back, I will travel.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

C) —

↳ am getting = present continuous، لا يُستخدم في جملة if الشرطية.

D) —

↳ ❌ خطأ شائع: لا نستخدم will في جملة if! نقول If I get (وليس will get).

1.1 جملة النتيجة في الأول(1.1 First Conditional Result)

جملة النتيجة تستخدم will + base verb.

If it rains tomorrow, I ................... my raincoat.
A
wear
B
am wear
C
will wear
D
going to wear
Answer:C) will wear

Explanation: 🔑 جملة النتيجة: will + base verb. If it rains (present) → I will wear.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) I wear my raincoat every day.

↳ wear = present simple للعادات، لكن النتيجة المستقبلية تحتاج will.

B) —

↳ am wear تركيب خاطئ. لا يوجد في الإنجليزية.

C) If it rains, I will wear my raincoat.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

D) —

↳ going to wear يحتاج am/is/are قبله.

1.2 جملة الشرط في الأول(1.2 First Conditional If-clause)

جملة If تستخدم present simple حتى لو المعنى مستقبلي.

If my phone …………., I'll buy a new one.
A
is breaking
B
breaks
C
will break
D
broke
Answer:B) breaks

Explanation: 🔑 If + present simple (breaks). حتى لو المعنى مستقبلي، نستخدم present في if.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) My phone is breaking down.

↳ is breaking = continuous، لا يُستخدم عادة في جملة if الشرطية.

B) If my phone breaks, I'll buy a new one.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

C) —

↳ ❌ لا نستخدم will في جملة if!

D) If my phone broke, I would buy a new one.

↳ broke = Second Conditional (غير واقعي). هنا نتحدث عن احتمال حقيقي.

2. الشرط الثاني (Second Conditional)(2. Second Conditional)

للحديث عن شيء غير واقعي أو مستبعد الآن. الصيغة: If + past simple, would + verb.

If I ……………. you, I would start waking up much earlier.
A
am
B
was
C
will be
D
were
Answer:D) were

Explanation: 🔑 Second Conditional: If I were you (ننصح). نستخدم were مع كل الضمائر في الشرط الثاني.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) I am a student.

↳ am = present، لكن الشرط الثاني يحتاج past.

B) If I was rich, I would travel.

↳ was ممكنة لكن were أفصح في التعبير 'If I were you'.

C) —

↳ will be = مستقبل، لا يأتي في جملة if الشرط الثاني.

D) If I were you, I would start waking up earlier.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

2.1 If + had (ملكية)(2.1 If + had (possession))

had هنا بمعنى 'لو كان عندي' (ملكية)، وليس التصريف الثالث.

If Susan had more time, she ………………… every day after school.
A
works out
B
would work out
C
had worked out
D
is going to work out
Answer:B) would work out

Explanation: 🔑 If + had (past) → would + verb. لو كان عندها وقت (لكن ليس عندها).

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) She works out every day.

↳ works out = present simple للحقائق، لكن هنا موقف غير واقعي.

B) If Susan had more time, she would work out.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

C) If she had worked out, she would have been fit.

↳ had worked out = Third Conditional (ماضي)، لكن السؤال عن الحاضر.

D) —

↳ is going to = مستقبل، لا يناسب الشرط الثاني.

2.2 الشرط الثاني + right now(2.2 Second Conditional + now)

Second Conditional يتحدث عن الحاضر (غير واقعي الآن).

If I had more money, I ………… all my course books right now.
A
buy
B
would buy
C
had bought
D
am going to buy
Answer:B) would buy

Explanation: 🔑 right now تؤكد أننا نتحدث عن الحاضر (لكن غير واقعي) → would buy.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) I buy books every month.

↳ buy = present simple، لكن الشرط غير واقعي يحتاج would.

B) If I had more money, I would buy the books.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

C) If I had bought the books, I would have read them.

↳ had bought = Third Conditional (ماضي)، لكن السؤال يقول 'right now'.

D) —

↳ am going to = خطط مستقبلية، لا يناسب الشرط الثاني.

3. الشرط الثالث (Third Conditional)(3. Third Conditional)

للحديث عن شيء لم يحدث في الماضي (ندم أو تخيل). الصيغة: If + had + V3, would have + V3.

If I ....................... there, I ....................... said something to the manager.
A
was / would had
B
have been / will have
C
had been / would have
D
were / would had
Answer:C) had been / would have

Explanation: 🔑 Third Conditional: If + had been (V3), would have + said. لم أكن هناك، لذلك لم أقل شيئاً.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) —

↳ would had تركيب خاطئ. الصحيح: would have.

B) —

↳ have been / will have = تركيب غير صحيح للشرط الثالث.

C) If I had been there, I would have said something.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

D) —

↳ would had تركيب خاطئ. نقول would have.

3.1 جملة If في الثالث(3.1 Third Conditional If-clause)

جملة If تستخدم had + past participle (V3).

If Jenny ………………. that her friend Kate was in the same course, she would have asked to borrow her books.
A
know
B
knew
C
has known
D
had known
Answer:D) had known

Explanation: 🔑 would have asked (النتيجة) ← If + had known (الشرط). جيني لم تكن تعلم.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) I know the answer.

↳ know = present، لكن الموقف ماضي (لم تكن تعلم).

B) If I knew, I would tell you.

↳ knew = Second Conditional (حاضر غير واقعي)، لكن هنا ماضي.

C) —

↳ has known = present perfect، لا يناسب الشرط الثالث.

D) If Jenny had known, she would have asked.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

3.2 النتيجة تحدد النوع(3.2 Result determines type)

إذا رأيت would have + V3 في النتيجة، الشرط يجب أن يكون had + V3.

If Tim ………………. better at work, he would have received a promotion.
A
had performed
B
performed
C
has performed
D
would perform
Answer:A) had performed

Explanation: 🔑 would have received ← Third Conditional ← If + had performed.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) If Tim had performed better, he would have received a promotion.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

B) If he performed well, he would get promoted.

↳ performed = Second Conditional، لكن النتيجة would have (Third).

C) —

↳ has performed = present perfect، لا يناسب الشرط الثالث.

D) —

↳ would perform يأتي في النتيجة، ليس في جملة if.

4. التمني (Wishes)(4. Wishes)

I wish + past = تمني شيء غير واقعي الآن. I wish + had + V3 = ندم على الماضي.

There is so much work in this course! I wish there ……………. a lot less.
A
is
B
will be
C
were
D
may be
Answer:C) were

Explanation: 🔑 I wish + past (were) للتمني. نستخدم were مع كل الضمائر.

كيف تُصلح الجملة لتناسب كل خيار:

A) There is a lot of work.

↳ is = present للحقيقة، لكن wish يحتاج past.

B) —

↳ will be = مستقبل، لا يأتي بعد wish مباشرة.

C) I wish there were less work.

الجملة الأصلية - صحيحة!

D) —

↳ may be = احتمال، لا يناسب تركيب wish.

جاهز للتدريب؟

تدرب على أسئلة الجمل الشرطية